Living in the 4th Screen

Exploring the use of mobile technology in education and life

The Edjurist: Can Policies Stop the Mobile Learning Tsunami?

Can Policies Stop a Mobile Learning Tsunami? According to Education Law Professor, Justin Bathon, the answer is no. He wrote the following on his Edjurist Blog:

No. They can't. There is no legal floodwall even remotely big enough to stop this one.  

Yet, we keep trying ... and causing ourselves even more policy trouble in the effort because as we are trying to build the wall higher and stronger we are also trying to bail out the water already on the other side. 

Is it time to switch tactics yet? Is it time to go with the flow and help direct the waters in responsible directions? We legal types are the ones that need to let administrators know when it is appropriate to stop trying to plug the dam. That is our responsibility as their advisors. 

Meanwhile, the kids are waiting for us ...

I agree with Mr. Bathon. I like the angle he took in approaching this from a legal/policy perspective by asking if school policies will hold back the coming mobile tsunami. Students are using their cell phones in school whether the school bans them or not. The video below quotes the study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project that found over 60% of students who attend a school where cell phones are banned, still use them. I think it is more prudent for schools to embrace student cell phones and teach students how to use them responsibly. Below is a CNN video that discusses the issue of cell phones in schools.

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Day 2 Apple Summer Learning Institute for Administrators - Productivity

This was the first breakout session this morning. I was very disappointed with this session. I use my iPhone as a great productivity tool. There are so many great uses to help busy administrators and Apple blew it. No mention of the To Do apps. Very little mention of syncing calendars wirelessly until I brought it up. Disappointed that Apple focused on their apps or software i.e. iCal for Calendar. No mention of wireless syncing with Google Calendar or Microsoft Outlook, again, until I brought it up. No mention of Evernote. Disappointing.

So much could have been done in this session to show administrators how to use the iPod Touch, iPad, or iPhone to simplify their lives.

Apple Summer Learning Institute 2010

I am in Boston for a few days attending the Apple Summer Institute for Administrators. Apple knows how to put on a good event. Very nice hotel and very good food. They gave us a MacBook, iPod Touch, and an iPad to use for the two days of the conference. The conference centers around how to use Apple products to improve instruction and learning. Being a PC user who owns an iPhone, it has been interesting using their software on the MacBook. I have used Apple products before and I have always liked them. I can't believe how easy it is to use iMovie to create your own movies. My next computer purchase will definitely be an Apple. No surprise that Apple announced today that their MacBook sales are up. Their products are easier to use and more powerful.

Article: 5 Steps to Harnessing the Power of Cells in Education Today

The Innovative Educator wrote a post titled "5 Steps to Harnessing the Power of Cells in Education Today." Below is a copy of the 5 Steps with an explanation. Follow this link to read the complete article. The post lists ways to carry out each on of the 5 suggestions. 

Step One: Teacher Use of Cell Phones for Professional Purposes 
Remember, just because some schools and districts ban students from using cell phones, this does not apply to teachers. Begin harnessing the power of your own cell phone today as an instructional tool. 


Step Two: Teacher Models Appropriate Use for Learning 
Once you're comfortable using your cell phone as an instructional tool, you can begin modeling best practice and instructional use of cell phones to your students. Let them see ways they might consider using their phones to support instruction. 


Step Three: Strengthen the Home-School Connection with Cell Phones 
Cell phones provide a terrific means for connecting with student's parents, family, and guardians. Begin using phones to develop and strengthen those relationships. This provides a foundation and helps develop understanding around the benefits and value of cell phone use in general and later for use with students. The first thing you want to do is get a list of phone numbers from your student's parents, guardians, and/or family members. Once you do that there are many ways to use cells to support the home school connection.


Step Four: Students Use Cell Phones for Homework 
Before using cell phones in your classroom with students, begin giving students the option to use cell phones to complete their homework. This gives the teacher the opportunity to allow students to use cell phones for learning without classroom management concerns. This also gives students experience in using cell phones for learning. In most cases students can do the same work on a cell that they can on a laptop so if they have easier access to one over the other at different times they can choose what works best for them on that particular evening. Especially in families with limited technology resources, providing these sorts of options helps break down the digital divide. Suddenly the amount of technology available to a student for learning has increased dramatically. 


Step Five: Students Use Cell Phones for Classwork
Once you, your students, and their parents/guardians/families have become comfortable using cell phones as instructional tool and if your school or district empowers classroom teachers to make instructional decisions, you are ready to begin allowing students to harness the power of cell phones for learning. The first thing you'll want to do, even if your district or school has a policy is discuss acceptable use with students. Using a tool like Wiffiti or Polleverywhere may be a smart way to capture student ideas on acceptable use. You can have them contribute outside of school and once all students agree to the ideas shared they can sign a contract with a link to the resource containing the policies to which they developed and agreed. In many cases you'll find student rules and consequences are more stringent then those outlined in the school or district policy, but it's written in language everyone can understand. The results can be posted on the classroom or school website as well.

Classroom Cell Phone Disruption by the Numbers - Part 2

 
Back in January I wrote two posts titled, "Cell Phone Disruption by the Numbers" and "What is More Disruptive - Banning or Embracing Cell Phones in the Classroom? ", both posts essentially talked about how we changed our school cell phone policy and allowed students to use their cell phones during the school day. I reported the number of cell phone violations we had in the first half of the year in 08-09 and how many we had in 09-10. Below is some of what I said then:
What is more disruptive, banning cell phones and requiring teachers to confiscate them, or embracing student cell phones and teaching students how to use them more responsibly. For the 2009-2010 school year we changed our cell phone policy at the school were I serve as an assistant principal. We allow students to use their cell phones in between classes and in the cafeteria during their lunch period. The rest of the school day is instructional time and their cell phones are to be off and out of site unless a teacher is using them as part of the lesson.
 
Additionally, we made another change to our cell phone policy. We no longer require teachers to confiscate a student's cell phone if they violate the policy. We tell the teachers to write up a conduct report and turn it in to the main office and we will handle it from there. Our goal was to eliminate the classroom struggle that ensues between the teacher and a student when there is a cell phone policy violation.
 
The school I work in is a high school with about 1050 students. It is a middle to upper-middle class neighborhood. Almost all of our students carry a cell phone and an iPod of some sort.
For the first half of the year in 08-09 (Sept - Dec) when we did not allow students to use their cell phones during the school day we had over 40 violations. For the same time period in the 09-10 school year when we allowed students to use their cell phones during the school day we had 30 violations. I now have the final number of cell phone violations for the second half of the 09-10 school year (Jan - June). In the second half of the 08-09 school year we had 30 violations and in the same time period in the 09-10 school year we had 25 violations of our cell phone policy.
 
I also wrote this back in January:
Overall we have not had an increase in cell phone policy violations versus the same time last year when we did not allow cell phones to be used during the school day. In all honesty the students treated the change in the policy like it was no big deal. Many students have told me that by allowing them to use their phones it has removed the temptation to take them out at other times when it would be inappropriate. 

In all honesty I expected the violations for this school year (09-10) to be higher. One of the reasons I expected higher numbers was because teachers do not have to confiscate the student's cell phone when the student violates the policy. I thought this change in procedure would result in more discipline reports. Not the case.
In summary, we had 70+ cell phone violations for the 2008-2009 school year when students were not allowed to use their cell phones during the school day and 55 cell phone violations for the 2009-2010 school year when they were allowed to use the cell phones during their lunch periods and in the hallway between classes. I fully expected the number of cell phone violations to increase somewhat during the first year of a new policy. I also thought the fact that teachers did not have to confiscate the student's cell phone in order to write them up for a violation would make it easier for teachers to report violations and hence, expected more conduct reports dealing with cell phone violations. That did not happen.
 
Although pleased that our cell phone violations decreased, I am not exactly sure why. The students tell me that because they had opportunities to use their cell phones throughout the day it diminished the temptation to use them at inappropriate times. I am not naive to the fact that students still used their cell phones at inappropriate times this year and that not all those violations got reported to the office, but year over year we had a decrease in the number of cell phone violations. Overall a positive result. Students are certainly happier with the new policy and some parents have told me they are pleased with the change as it allows them to connect with their children during the day if they need to.
 
I have two final observations. First, the other assistant principal and I agonized in late spring and early summer in 2009 as we pondered a change in the cell phone policy. We didn't know what to expect. We contacted administrators and teachers from others schools who had made similar changes and peppered them with questions about how it turned out for them. We contacted some of our teachers over the summer and asked them what they thought of our idea of a new cell phone policy. Now looking back, we realize how foolish we were. The change in policy was really no big deal.
 
The second observation I made was that I thought a majority of students would be texting or talking on their cell phones during lunch. I expected to walk into our lunch area and see hundreds of students on their cell phones. This never happened. As a matter of fact I rarely saw more than 5 students at any given time on their cell phones, calling or texting. One day I had a colleague here from another school. I told her about our change in policy and we both walked into our lunch area to purposely count the number of students we observed using their cell phones. We saw 3 students texting and one listening to an iPod out of the 250 students who had lunch at that time. I read all the time that today's students do not know how to have face to face conversations because all they do is text. This has not been my experience. They are doing just fine when it comes to conversing with their peers.
 
Over the summer I will finish writing my paper reporting my findings this year with using cell phones as an instructional tool and will post it here when completed.
 
 I borrowed the picture from this website.

I Never See This With Hands

"I never see this with hands," was Sandy Riggs response to all the text messages she received when she asked her freshman Biology students to text her what they thought DNA precipitation meant. Riggs teaches at Collegiate High School in Texas. Ms. Riggs said that texting has increased her student's confidence.
 
Collegiate High School Principal Tracie Rodriguez said the science and English departments use texting the most with class assignments. Teachers can choose whether they want students to text them. The trend began with a student asking if it would be OK for them to text their teacher, she said.
She said at one time students were coming to class with incomplete assignments and texting was a way for the students to feel comfortable with getting in touch with teachers outside of class, she said.
The school does still enforce a rule that cell phones can’t be used in class unless approved beforehand as part of a class assignment or in an emergency, she said.
In addition, parents haven’t expressed concerns about their student’s cell phone bills or texting charges, she said.
 I think using text messages with students is a good idea as it is the preferrable means of communication for today's teenagers. My only concern is that teachers and administrators make sure the text messages stay focused on school related activites and not move over to to personal issues. Additionally, I can understand the concern some saff members have is giving out their personal phone number. To still use text messages with students and not give out your phone number you can use a free Google Voice account or use your email program to send text messages. I explain both situations here and here. Follow this link to read the full article.

Blog Title: Why Smartboards are a Dumb Initiative

On the Innovative Educator Blog there was this recent post titled "Why Smartboards are a Dumb Initiative" written by Michael Staton. Below is a snippet from the post:
 I roll my eyes every time I hear people talk about putting Smartboards in the classroom. Ugh….
Don’t get me wrong, Smartboards are cool. They are just the least cost-effective way to improve learning I’ve ever seen. (Except for building new physical plant, that’s worse.)
  
Follow the link above to read the full article. I have already posted on this blog my feelings about Smartboards. I have the same reaction Michael Staton does when I here schools are purchasing Smartboards.

Cell Phones in School? Read this teachers perspective.

Charles Costello has been an English Teacher at Greenwich High School (Greenwich, CT) since 2002. On his blog Teacher Talk he wrote an article about whether or not students should have cell phones in class. Below is an excerpt from his blog post:

So what should be done? Well, I have my opinion. No cell phones or any other electronic devices allowed in school. If you’re caught with one, it should be confiscated and appropriate punishment should follow. Whether that means detention or suspension or something else, we can figure that out once we have the courage to ban these devices and show our students that we expect more from them. My classroom policy is that I deduct 10 points from a student’s quarter participation grade each time I see or hear a cell phone or IPOD. If they bring it to school, it must be concealed and turned off before they enter my classroom. 

Mr. Costello takes a rather strong stand against the use of cell phones in school. I can understand his frustration as a classroom teacher but I wonder what else is going on at this school that causes cell phones to be such a disruption. Even if students are allowed to have cell phones in school, there must be policies for how and when they can be used. Additionally, the policies need to be enforced when students violate them.

We allow students to use cell phones between classes and in lunch period. At all other times the cell phones must be off and out of sight, unless a teacher is using the phones as part of a lesson. If a student violates the policy we issue them a central detention. If the problem persists with a particular student we will issue increase the severity of the consequence for each offense i.e. an extended detention, call home, confiscate the phone until a parent retrieves it, and even in-school suspension. On a few occasions we have told a student and their parents that the student is no longer allowed to bring a cell phone to school. At the school were I work the overwhelming majority of students use their cell phones in a responsible manner and they comply with our policy.

Debate: Should cell phones be allowed in school? Vote and have your say.

Follow this link to read a debate on whether or not cell phones should be allowed in school. They present an article on both sides of the issue and allow you to vote. Below are the results of the vote as of May 9, 2010 at 11:30am.

 
Follow the link above to go to the website and read the article.

Chris Lehman: Technology Like Oxygen - Ubiquitous, Necessary, and Invisable

Below is a clip from Chris Lehman's TEDxNYED Talk. The full video is below as well. I really like what Chris had to say about the role of technology in schools. When I was a technology director I use to call it "Technology as Pencils". I used the pencil metaphor because pencils are readily available in schools and teachers never write in their plan books to make sure the pencils are prepared for the lesson. They just expect each student to have one and use it as needed. Additionally, pencils come in different shapes, sizes, colors, and types (mechanical), just like our hardware devices. Pencils need to be sharpened occasionally and technology devices also need to be tweaked now and then. Finally, pencils get too short and stop working and we need to replace them, just like computers. This is where we need to get with technology - available to all and used when and how they want. Check out the video below.

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Understanding the iGeneration and the Way they Learn

A thorough post by Joe Wood about the explosion of Wireless Mobile Devices. He references the book Rewired: Understanding the iGeneration and the Way they Learn by Dr. Larry D. Rosen of Cal State Dominguez Hills. He quotes some very interesting statistics from the book. Here are a few snippets from the blog post:

The third chapter of Rewired, “An Explosion of WMDs: Wireless Mobile Devices” discusses the iGeneration and their intertwined existence with mobile technology.

Using these statistics and others (get the book) Rosen talks about the iGeneration as the “connected class” who need to be educated in a different way than previous generations – they “need something more attuned to their daily lifestyles – connected and often virtual.” 

Rosen describes mLearing as being delivered through mobile virtual learning environments (MVLEs) that are centered around two notions – “learning can happen outside of the traditional classroom” and “the center of this learning involves electronic communication tools.”

Follow the link above to read the full post. It is a good read and well worth your time.

Tie everything you do to your learning vision

Some interesting thoughts from the writer of the uLearning Blog. Follow the link to read the full post. Most enlightening was the writer's response to the growing proliferation of iPod Touches and iPhones in classrooms:

And what should an educator’s response be? Possibly you’re already in the middle of deploying one of these options – and if so, my biggest suggestion is – reflect. While our sector has stood still for so long, the current rush might make us forget our usual values of tying everything we do to our learning vision first. So reflect first, then on how these devices can enhance learning – don’t make learning fit to them.

It is refreshing to have an educator say that we need to reflect first and tie everything we do to our learning vision. So often in schools we run after the latest educational technology fad. In education we need more sustained deep reflection before embarking on any technology initiatives. Do small pilots to test a hypothesis and find critical stress points.

I also like the writer's comment that we should not make learning fit the device. I am not a big proponent of electronic whiteboards or Smartboards. I feel these devices are an example of trying to make learning fit the device. We spent years trying to get teachers away from the front of the classroom controlling everything and now we anchor them to the front of the room using an electronic whiteboard. Backwards innovation.

Teens prefer texting over talking research shows

The latest research from the Pew Internet and American Life Project shows that teenagers today are on their phones just as much as their parents were when they were this age. The only difference is today's generation prefers texting over talking.

Based on a survey and focus groups conducted with teenagers between 12 and 17, Pew found that text messaging is by far the most common way that kids communicate with each other, more than chatting on the phone, e-mailing, using social-networking sites, or talking face to face.

More than 75 percent of teens now own cell phones, notes Pew, up from just 45 percent in 2004. Around 72 percent of all teens, or 88 percent of teens who own mobile phones, use text messages to communicate. That marks a big jump from 2006 when only 51 percent of teens texted on their phones.

The survey also had some things to say about cell phones in school:

Teachers aren't wild about the use of cell phones either, and as a result, many schools limit or ban their use. Around 24 percent of teens said their school bans all cell phones from the campus entirely, while 62 percent said they're allowed to bring a phone to school but not into the classroom.

But 65 percent of teens whose schools exclude cell phones from campus said they bring them anyway, and 58 percent of them said they've sent text messages in class despite the ban. Meanwhile, kids have come up with ways to avoid having their phones taken away. One teen surveyed said he has a real phone and a fake phone so that if the teacher catches him, he can give her the fake phone.

This research underscores what I have been saying for the past year. Students love their cell phones and regardless of the prohibitions schools put on their phones they are using them anyway during the school day. Schools need to accept this reality and start embracing student cell phones and using them as part of the instructional activities.


Superintendent does not fully support his district's proposed ban on cell phone use

Prince George's County (Maryland) public schools is proposing a ban on student cell phones. The superintendent for the district does not support the ban. Below are quotes from an article in the Gazette.Net online newspaper:

"Students operate at 100 miles an hour outside of school, but once they get to school they slow down because of [rules] we impose," he said Friday at Discovery Education's Administrator Day, in Silver Spring.

Hite served as the keynote speaker for Discovery Education's — a division of the Discovery Communications media company — first administrator-only training event, which focused on education technology strategies and curriculum. More than 100 administrators from 16 regional school districts attended the free event.

Hite, referring to cell phones as "mini-computers," said phones and iPod digital music players could be used as learning tools.

Hite hopes to persuade the county school board to hold off on putting the ban in place.He feels that student cell phones should only be used to support instructional activities otherwise they should be put away. Hite used to work in Henrico County School in Virginia that was an early 1:1 laptop school district. He says he has seen the benefits technology brings to education.

Student Cell Phones - Interference or Innovation?

Here in New Jersey all new administrators have to go through a 2-year mentoring program. In the second year of the program you have to conduct an action research project. I am three-quarters of the way through the program. My research project is exploring the use of student cell phones to enhance instruction and learning in the classroom. I am also looking at ways to reduce the distractions cell phones cause as part of the school day. I started this blog as a way to report on my findings. Below are the research questions I will be seeking to answer as as part of my research.

1. Is there a way to eliminate the power struggle that ensues between teachers and students when the teacher tries to confiscate the cell phone during class after a cell phone violation occurred?

2. Are there steps schools can take to reduce the number of cell phone infractions that occur during the school day?

3. Can students be taught and expected to use cell phones in a responsible manner during the school day?

4. Given the ubiquitous proliferation of mobile phones in both the business and consumer market do schools have an obligation to teach students how to use their cell phones in a socially responsible manner?

5. Are their legitimate uses of student cell phones to enhance instruction and learning in the classroom?

I welcome feedback and input on my research questions regardless of how you feel about the issue. You can comment on this blog or email me at kbals@holmdelschools.org . I have written extensively on this blog about many of my findings and what we have done here at my high school. Below are the posts related specifically to my project and what we have done at the high school I work at:

What is more disruptive - Banning or Embracing Student Cell Phones?

Cell Phone Disruption by the Numbers

To Ban or Embrace

No Big Deal

Use Outlook to Send Text Message Reminders to Students

Using Student Cell Phones and iPadio to Record Student Conversations

Using Google Voice in a World Language Classroom

Why did I name the blog Living in the 4th Screen? Watch the video below.

Did educators complain about technological changes in the past? Check these quotes out!

I remember all the complaints about the use of graphing calculators during my early years as a math teacher. Today I don't hear anyone complain about them. Why? We have learned how to use graphing calculators to investigate graphs, curves, statistical data, and other topics that used to be very difficult or impossible to do without graphing calculators. We have also changed how we assess students. We create assessments that have sections to be completed without the graphing calculator and or where the graphing calculator makes no difference. In short we have adjusted to the technology and use it for the good it was intended for. According to the following quotes, lifted from the Teaching with Contests blog, educators have always been resistant to technological advances. 

“Students today depend too much on hand-held calculators.” (Anonymous, 1985)

“Ballpoint pens will be the ruin of education in our country. Students use these devices and then throw them away. The American virtues of thrift and frugality are being discarded. Business and banks will never allow such expensive luxuries.” (Federal Teacher, 1950)

“Students today depend upon these expensive fountain pens. They can no longer write with a straight pen and nib, (not to mention sharpen their own quills). We parents must not allow them to wallow in such luxury to the detriment of learning how to cope in the real business world, which is not so extravagant.” (PTA Gazette, 1941)

“Students today depend upon store bought ink. They don’t know how to make their own. When they run out of ink they will be unable to write words or ciphers until their next trip to the settlement. This is a sad commentary on modern education.” (The Rural American Teacher, 1929)

“Students today depend too much upon ink. They don’t know how to use a pen knife to sharpen a pencil. Pen and ink will never replace the pencil.” (National Association of Teachers, 1907)

“Students today depend upon paper too much. They don’t know how to write on slate without chalk dust all over themselves. They can’t clean a slate properly. What will they do when they run out of paper?” (Principal’s Association, 1815)

“Students today can’t prepare bark to calculate their problems. They depend upon their slates, which are more expensive. What will they do when their slate is dropped and it breaks? They will be unable to write!” (Teachers Conference, 1703)

I cannot vouch for the accuracy of the quotes, though given what I have experienced I believe some of them are true.You can follow the link above to go to the location where I found these quotes.

The way we smile at these quotes is much the same way future students and educators will smile at us when they read old school policies banning cell phones and other handheld devices from the classroom.

Atlanta school embraces mobile computing

In a recent article Education Week reports that a high school near Atlanta is embracing iPod Touches and other mobile handheld devices. The following are some quotes from the article:

Students can use their iPod touches in plain sight in Mark Schuler’s World History class at Roswell High School here.

Roswell officials, unlike most of their counterparts around the country, have changed their view of the MP3 players, seeing them less as contraband and more as educational accessories. Educators at the 2,400-student school in suburban Atlanta are hoping to put more content at students’ fingertips and capture their interest by enlisting the digital tools today’s teenagers have already mastered for social and leisure purposes.

“Five years ago iPods were banned, but we got overwhelmed with trying to discipline kids and fight the technology,” says Edward Spurka, the principal of Roswell High. “Our philosophy here now is let them have it, ..."

It is interesting that the principal concluded that it was a losing battle to ban the technology. Instead they are now trying to use it to further the students learning. This is just one of many schools across the country that has come to this conclusion.

Are cell phones as really bad as we think?

Lisa Moody, a student at South Shelby High School in Missouri, has written an article that is posted on the school's webpage. She asks the question, "Are cell phones really as bad as we think?" Ms. Moody presents a compelling  argument as to when and why students should be allowed to use cell phones during the school day. Below is a quote from her article:

Texting during lunch/study hall has been brought up by students as a time to be able to text. Candace Blackford and Cassie Larrick both agreed and said, "if all their schoolwork is done then why not." Being aloud to text during school should be a privilege.

I have to admit I never thought of looking at using cell phones as a privledge students could earn. Interesting perspective. We allow our students to use their cell phones between classes and during lunch. As I reported here, our reported cell phone violations have decreased this year. The students have told me we have decreased the temptation to use their cell phone inappropriately because they know there is an appropriate time during the school day when they can use their cell phones.

Cell Phones Negatively Impact Our School Communities

I found this article on the examiner.com website. The article is written by Lenny Giardino . Follow the link to read the full article. Mr. Giardino raises lots of good points but draws many unsubstantiated conclusions. Cell phones are not going away. That is why banning them does not work. Parents want to be connected to their children. They like the ease and convenience the cell phone provides to communicate with their children. Has Mr. Giardino ever considered the learning potential of cell phones.

Below is a portion of the article:

The most dangerous situation in schools today is not a loaded gun. It is the empowerment by parents to give their children cell phones to use in school. Without a doubt, most educational leaders deal with the dangers of cell phones everyday in school. Unfortunately, schools can not manage cell phone usage.  School districts are unwilling to ban cell phones due to parental backlash and interference. Parents feel that the cell phone for a child is a "right.", not a privilege.

Read the article and comment below what you think about it.